1. Problem
What is the question that needs to be solved?
2. Hypothesis
Using information and/or knowledge to predict an outcome. This is a guess that gives a foundation for experimentation. This is what will be learned through the experiment.
3. Materials
Deciding on the necessary equipment to perform the experiment.
4. Procedure
What are the steps taken to complete the experiment? There is a logical sequencing that can be recorded after the experiment takes place. Good words to use for this exercise are first, next, then, finally.
5. Observation
What happened when the experiment was done? All the senses are used to obtain knowledge that will aid the student to form a conclusion.
6. Conclusion
Did the outcome of the experiment agree with the hypothesis? This is where the student reflects on the process and determines what knowledge was learned or if changes are necessary in the hypothesis or learning. Would the experiment be done differently next time?
Recommended Instruction level for each grade
Grade 1 : Problem – Observation – Conclusion
Grade 2 : Problem – Hypothesis – Observation – Conclusion
Grade 3 : Problem – Hypothesis – Materials – Procedure – Observation – Conclusion
Grade 4 : Problem – Hypothesis – Materials – Procedure –
Observation (with date recorded if relevant) – Conclusion
Grade 5/6 : Problem – Hypothesis – Materials – Procedure –
Observation – Recording Data – Conclusion
Other science processes are: (included in the key concepts on each scope and sequence document).
COMMUNICATION. The ability to indicate knowledge learned. This can be done graphically, verbally, physically, or visually. Drawing a diagram, group discussion could do this or oral reports, giving a demonstration, or a test.
MEASURING. The process of finding out how much of something there is.
CLASSIFICATION. To organize into groups according to a given criteria/relationship: size, colour, shape, texture, etc.
INTERPRETING. Using data to find another situation or practical/everyday application.
INFERRING. The process of taking known data and reaching a conclusion.
RECORDING DATA. Gathering data from an experiment and graphically showing results.
COOPERATIVE LEARNING. Students collaborate on scientific tasks. Critical thinking is enhanced and a life skill is practice.
SAFETY. The student needs to practice habits that make scientific investigation safe as well as instructional. Handling equipment appropriately, wearing protective gear (goggles/gloves), and movement need to be taught.
